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"""Implements Docker operator."""
from __future__ import annotations
import ast
import pickle
import tarfile
import warnings
from collections.abc import Container
from functools import cached_property
from io import BytesIO, StringIO
from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Iterable, Sequence
from docker.constants import DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
from docker.errors import APIError
from docker.types import LogConfig, Mount
from dotenv import dotenv_values
from airflow.exceptions import AirflowProviderDeprecationWarning
from airflow.models import BaseOperator
from airflow.providers.docker.exceptions import (
DockerContainerFailedException,
DockerContainerFailedSkipException,
)
from airflow.providers.docker.hooks.docker import DockerHook
if TYPE_CHECKING:
from docker import APIClient
from docker.types import DeviceRequest
from airflow.utils.context import Context
[docs]def stringify(line: str | bytes):
"""Make sure string is returned even if bytes are passed. Docker stream can return bytes."""
decode_method = getattr(line, "decode", None)
if decode_method:
return decode_method(encoding="utf-8", errors="surrogateescape")
else:
return line
[docs]class DockerOperator(BaseOperator):
"""Execute a command inside a docker container.
By default, a temporary directory is
created on the host and mounted into a container to allow storing files
that together exceed the default disk size of 10GB in a container.
In this case The path to the mounted directory can be accessed
via the environment variable ``AIRFLOW_TMP_DIR``.
If the volume cannot be mounted, warning is printed and an attempt is made to execute the docker
command without the temporary folder mounted. This is to make it works by default with remote docker
engine or when you run docker-in-docker solution and temporary directory is not shared with the
docker engine. Warning is printed in logs in this case.
If you know you run DockerOperator with remote engine or via docker-in-docker
you should set ``mount_tmp_dir`` parameter to False. In this case, you can still use
``mounts`` parameter to mount already existing named volumes in your Docker Engine
to achieve similar capability where you can store files exceeding default disk size
of the container,
If a login to a private registry is required prior to pulling the image, a
Docker connection needs to be configured in Airflow and the connection ID
be provided with the parameter ``docker_conn_id``.
:param image: Docker image from which to create the container.
If image tag is omitted, "latest" will be used. (templated)
:param api_version: Remote API version. Set to ``auto`` to automatically
detect the server's version.
:param command: Command to be run in the container. (templated)
:param container_name: Name of the container. Optional (templated)
:param cpus: Number of CPUs to assign to the container.
This value gets multiplied with 1024. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/run/#cpu-share-constraint
:param docker_url: URL of the host running the docker daemon.
Default is unix://var/run/docker.sock
:param environment: Environment variables to set in the container. (templated)
:param private_environment: Private environment variables to set in the container.
These are not templated, and hidden from the website.
:param env_file: Relative path to the .env file with environment variables to set in the container.
Overridden by variables in the environment parameter. (templated)
:param force_pull: Pull the docker image on every run. Default is False.
:param mem_limit: Maximum amount of memory the container can use.
Either a float value, which represents the limit in bytes,
or a string like ``128m`` or ``1g``.
:param host_tmp_dir: Specify the location of the temporary directory on the host which will
be mapped to tmp_dir. If not provided defaults to using the standard system temp directory.
:param network_mode: Network mode for the container.
It can be one of the following:
bridge - Create new network stack for the container with default docker bridge network
None - No networking for this container
container:<name|id> - Use the network stack of another container specified via <name|id>
host - Use the host network stack. Incompatible with `port_bindings`
'<network-name>|<network-id>' - Connects the container to user created network
(using `docker network create` command)
:param tls_ca_cert: Path to a PEM-encoded certificate authority
to secure the docker connection.
:param tls_client_cert: Path to the PEM-encoded certificate
used to authenticate docker client.
:param tls_client_key: Path to the PEM-encoded key used to authenticate docker client.
:param tls_verify: Set ``True`` to verify the validity of the provided certificate.
:param tls_hostname: Hostname to match against
the docker server certificate or False to disable the check.
:param tls_ssl_version: Version of SSL to use when communicating with docker daemon.
:param mount_tmp_dir: Specify whether the temporary directory should be bind-mounted
from the host to the container. Defaults to True
:param tmp_dir: Mount point inside the container to
a temporary directory created on the host by the operator.
The path is also made available via the environment variable
``AIRFLOW_TMP_DIR`` inside the container.
:param user: Default user inside the docker container.
:param mounts: List of volumes to mount into the container. Each item should
be a :py:class:`docker.types.Mount` instance.
:param entrypoint: Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
:param working_dir: Working directory to
set on the container (equivalent to the -w switch the docker client)
:param xcom_all: Push all the stdout or just the last line.
The default is False (last line).
:param docker_conn_id: The :ref:`Docker connection id <howto/connection:docker>`
:param dns: Docker custom DNS servers
:param dns_search: Docker custom DNS search domain
:param auto_remove: Auto-removal of the container on daemon side when the
container's process exits.
The default is never.
:param shm_size: Size of ``/dev/shm`` in bytes. The size must be
greater than 0. If omitted uses system default.
:param tty: Allocate pseudo-TTY to the container
This needs to be set see logs of the Docker container.
:param hostname: Optional hostname for the container.
:param privileged: Give extended privileges to this container.
:param cap_add: Include container capabilities
:param retrieve_output: Should this docker image consistently attempt to pull from and output
file before manually shutting down the image. Useful for cases where users want a pickle serialized
output that is not posted to logs
:param retrieve_output_path: path for output file that will be retrieved and passed to xcom
:param device_requests: Expose host resources such as GPUs to the container.
:param log_opts_max_size: The maximum size of the log before it is rolled.
A positive integer plus a modifier representing the unit of measure (k, m, or g).
Eg: 10m or 1g Defaults to -1 (unlimited).
:param log_opts_max_file: The maximum number of log files that can be present.
If rolling the logs creates excess files, the oldest file is removed.
Only effective when max-size is also set. A positive integer. Defaults to 1.
:param ipc_mode: Set the IPC mode for the container.
:param skip_on_exit_code: If task exits with this exit code, leave the task
in ``skipped`` state (default: None). If set to ``None``, any non-zero
exit code will be treated as a failure.
:param port_bindings: Publish a container's port(s) to the host. It is a
dictionary of value where the key indicates the port to open inside the container
and value indicates the host port that binds to the container port.
Incompatible with ``host`` in ``network_mode``.
"""
[docs] template_fields: Sequence[str] = ("image", "command", "environment", "env_file", "container_name")
[docs] template_fields_renderers = {"env_file": "yaml"}
[docs] template_ext: Sequence[str] = (
".sh",
".bash",
".env",
)
def __init__(
self,
*,
image: str,
api_version: str | None = None,
command: str | list[str] | None = None,
container_name: str | None = None,
cpus: float = 1.0,
docker_url: str = "unix://var/run/docker.sock",
environment: dict | None = None,
private_environment: dict | None = None,
env_file: str | None = None,
force_pull: bool = False,
mem_limit: float | str | None = None,
host_tmp_dir: str | None = None,
network_mode: str | None = None,
tls_ca_cert: str | None = None,
tls_client_cert: str | None = None,
tls_client_key: str | None = None,
tls_verify: bool = True,
tls_hostname: str | bool | None = None,
tls_ssl_version: str | None = None,
mount_tmp_dir: bool = True,
tmp_dir: str = "/tmp/airflow",
user: str | int | None = None,
mounts: list[Mount] | None = None,
entrypoint: str | list[str] | None = None,
working_dir: str | None = None,
xcom_all: bool = False,
docker_conn_id: str | None = None,
dns: list[str] | None = None,
dns_search: list[str] | None = None,
auto_remove: str = "never",
shm_size: int | None = None,
tty: bool = False,
hostname: str | None = None,
privileged: bool = False,
cap_add: Iterable[str] | None = None,
extra_hosts: dict[str, str] | None = None,
retrieve_output: bool = False,
retrieve_output_path: str | None = None,
timeout: int = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS,
device_requests: list[DeviceRequest] | None = None,
log_opts_max_size: str | None = None,
log_opts_max_file: str | None = None,
ipc_mode: str | None = None,
skip_exit_code: int | None = None,
skip_on_exit_code: int | Container[int] | None = None,
port_bindings: dict | None = None,
**kwargs,
) -> None:
super().__init__(**kwargs)
self.api_version = api_version
if isinstance(auto_remove, bool):
warnings.warn(
"bool value for auto_remove is deprecated, please use 'never', 'success', or 'force' instead",
AirflowProviderDeprecationWarning,
stacklevel=2,
)
if str(auto_remove) == "False":
self.auto_remove = "never"
elif str(auto_remove) == "True":
self.auto_remove = "success"
elif str(auto_remove) in ("never", "success", "force"):
self.auto_remove = auto_remove
else:
raise ValueError("unsupported auto_remove option, use 'never', 'success', or 'force' instead")
self.command = command
self.container_name = container_name
self.cpus = cpus
self.dns = dns
self.dns_search = dns_search
self.docker_url = docker_url
self.environment = environment or {}
self._private_environment = private_environment or {}
self.env_file = env_file
self.force_pull = force_pull
self.image = image
self.mem_limit = mem_limit
self.host_tmp_dir = host_tmp_dir
self.network_mode = network_mode
self.tls_ca_cert = tls_ca_cert
self.tls_client_cert = tls_client_cert
self.tls_client_key = tls_client_key
self.tls_verify = tls_verify
self.tls_hostname = tls_hostname
self.tls_ssl_version = tls_ssl_version
self.mount_tmp_dir = mount_tmp_dir
self.tmp_dir = tmp_dir
self.user = user
self.mounts = mounts or []
self.entrypoint = entrypoint
self.working_dir = working_dir
self.xcom_all = xcom_all
self.docker_conn_id = docker_conn_id
self.shm_size = shm_size
self.tty = tty
self.hostname = hostname
self.privileged = privileged
self.cap_add = cap_add
self.extra_hosts = extra_hosts
self.container: dict = None # type: ignore[assignment]
self.retrieve_output = retrieve_output
self.retrieve_output_path = retrieve_output_path
self.timeout = timeout
self.device_requests = device_requests
self.log_opts_max_size = log_opts_max_size
self.log_opts_max_file = log_opts_max_file
self.ipc_mode = ipc_mode
if skip_exit_code is not None:
warnings.warn(
"skip_exit_code is deprecated. Please use skip_on_exit_code",
AirflowProviderDeprecationWarning,
stacklevel=2,
)
skip_on_exit_code = skip_exit_code
self.skip_on_exit_code = (
skip_on_exit_code
if isinstance(skip_on_exit_code, Container)
else [skip_on_exit_code]
if skip_on_exit_code
else []
)
self.port_bindings = port_bindings or {}
if self.port_bindings and self.network_mode == "host":
raise ValueError("Port bindings is not supported in the host network mode")
@cached_property
[docs] def hook(self) -> DockerHook:
"""Create and return an DockerHook (cached)."""
tls_config = DockerHook.construct_tls_config(
ca_cert=self.tls_ca_cert,
client_cert=self.tls_client_cert,
client_key=self.tls_client_key,
verify=self.tls_verify,
assert_hostname=self.tls_hostname,
ssl_version=self.tls_ssl_version,
)
return DockerHook(
docker_conn_id=self.docker_conn_id,
base_url=self.docker_url,
version=self.api_version,
tls=tls_config,
timeout=self.timeout,
)
[docs] def get_hook(self) -> DockerHook:
"""Create and return an DockerHook (cached)."""
return self.hook
@property
[docs] def cli(self) -> APIClient:
return self.hook.api_client
def _run_image(self) -> list[str] | str | None:
"""Run a Docker container with the provided image."""
self.log.info("Starting docker container from image %s", self.image)
if self.mount_tmp_dir:
with TemporaryDirectory(prefix="airflowtmp", dir=self.host_tmp_dir) as host_tmp_dir_generated:
tmp_mount = Mount(self.tmp_dir, host_tmp_dir_generated, "bind")
try:
return self._run_image_with_mounts([*self.mounts, tmp_mount], add_tmp_variable=True)
except APIError as e:
if host_tmp_dir_generated in str(e):
self.log.warning(
"Using remote engine or docker-in-docker and mounting temporary "
"volume from host is not supported. Falling back to "
"`mount_tmp_dir=False` mode. You can set `mount_tmp_dir` parameter"
" to False to disable mounting and remove the warning"
)
return self._run_image_with_mounts(self.mounts, add_tmp_variable=False)
raise
else:
return self._run_image_with_mounts(self.mounts, add_tmp_variable=False)
def _run_image_with_mounts(self, target_mounts, add_tmp_variable: bool) -> list[str] | str | None:
if add_tmp_variable:
self.environment["AIRFLOW_TMP_DIR"] = self.tmp_dir
else:
self.environment.pop("AIRFLOW_TMP_DIR", None)
docker_log_config = {}
if self.log_opts_max_size is not None:
docker_log_config["max-size"] = self.log_opts_max_size
if self.log_opts_max_file is not None:
docker_log_config["max-file"] = self.log_opts_max_file
env_file_vars = {}
if self.env_file is not None:
env_file_vars = self.unpack_environment_variables(self.env_file)
self.container = self.cli.create_container(
command=self.format_command(self.command),
name=self.container_name,
environment={**env_file_vars, **self.environment, **self._private_environment},
ports=list(self.port_bindings),
host_config=self.cli.create_host_config(
auto_remove=False,
mounts=target_mounts,
network_mode=self.network_mode,
shm_size=self.shm_size,
dns=self.dns,
dns_search=self.dns_search,
cpu_shares=round(self.cpus * 1024),
port_bindings=self.port_bindings,
mem_limit=self.mem_limit,
cap_add=self.cap_add,
extra_hosts=self.extra_hosts,
privileged=self.privileged,
device_requests=self.device_requests,
log_config=LogConfig(config=docker_log_config),
ipc_mode=self.ipc_mode,
),
image=self.image,
user=self.user,
entrypoint=self.format_command(self.entrypoint),
working_dir=self.working_dir,
tty=self.tty,
hostname=self.hostname,
)
logstream = self.cli.attach(container=self.container["Id"], stdout=True, stderr=True, stream=True)
try:
self.cli.start(self.container["Id"])
log_lines = []
for log_chunk in logstream:
log_chunk = stringify(log_chunk).strip()
log_lines.append(log_chunk)
self.log.info("%s", log_chunk)
result = self.cli.wait(self.container["Id"])
if result["StatusCode"] in self.skip_on_exit_code:
raise DockerContainerFailedSkipException(
f"Docker container returned exit code {self.skip_on_exit_code}. Skipping.", logs=log_lines
)
elif result["StatusCode"] != 0:
raise DockerContainerFailedException(f"Docker container failed: {result!r}", logs=log_lines)
if self.retrieve_output:
return self._attempt_to_retrieve_result()
elif self.do_xcom_push:
if not log_lines:
return None
try:
if self.xcom_all:
return log_lines
else:
return log_lines[-1]
except StopIteration:
# handle the case when there is not a single line to iterate on
return None
return None
finally:
if self.auto_remove == "success":
self.cli.remove_container(self.container["Id"])
elif self.auto_remove == "force":
self.cli.remove_container(self.container["Id"], force=True)
def _attempt_to_retrieve_result(self):
"""Attempt to pull the result from the expected file.
This uses Docker's ``get_archive`` function. If the file is not yet
ready, *None* is returned.
"""
def copy_from_docker(container_id, src):
archived_result, stat = self.cli.get_archive(container_id, src)
if stat["size"] == 0:
# 0 byte file, it can't be anything else than None
return None
# no need to port to a file since we intend to deserialize
file_standin = BytesIO(b"".join(archived_result))
tar = tarfile.open(fileobj=file_standin)
file = tar.extractfile(stat["name"])
lib = getattr(self, "pickling_library", pickle)
return lib.loads(file.read())
try:
return copy_from_docker(self.container["Id"], self.retrieve_output_path)
except APIError:
return None
[docs] def execute(self, context: Context) -> list[str] | str | None:
# Pull the docker image if `force_pull` is set or image does not exist locally
if self.force_pull or not self.cli.images(name=self.image):
self.log.info("Pulling docker image %s", self.image)
latest_status: dict[str, str] = {}
for output in self.cli.pull(self.image, stream=True, decode=True):
if isinstance(output, str):
self.log.info("%s", output)
continue
if isinstance(output, dict) and "status" in output:
output_status = output["status"]
if "id" not in output:
self.log.info("%s", output_status)
continue
output_id = output["id"]
if latest_status.get(output_id) != output_status:
self.log.info("%s: %s", output_id, output_status)
latest_status[output_id] = output_status
return self._run_image()
@staticmethod
[docs] def on_kill(self) -> None:
if self.hook.client_created:
self.log.info("Stopping docker container")
if self.container is None:
self.log.info("Not attempting to kill container as it was not created")
return
self.cli.stop(self.container["Id"])
@staticmethod
[docs] def unpack_environment_variables(env_str: str) -> dict:
r"""Parse environment variables from the string.
:param env_str: environment variables in the ``{key}={value}`` format,
separated by a ``\n`` (newline)
:return: dictionary containing parsed environment variables
"""
return dotenv_values(stream=StringIO(env_str))
