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"""
This module contains operators to replicate records from
DynamoDB table to S3.
"""
import json
from copy import copy
from os.path import getsize
from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
from typing import IO, Any, Callable, Dict, Optional
from uuid import uuid4
from airflow.models import BaseOperator
from airflow.providers.amazon.aws.hooks.dynamodb import AwsDynamoDBHook
from airflow.providers.amazon.aws.hooks.s3 import S3Hook
def _convert_item_to_json_bytes(item: Dict[str, Any]) -> bytes:
return (json.dumps(item) + '\n').encode('utf-8')
def _upload_file_to_s3(file_obj: IO, bucket_name: str, s3_key_prefix: str) -> None:
s3_client = S3Hook().get_conn()
file_obj.seek(0)
s3_client.upload_file(
Filename=file_obj.name,
Bucket=bucket_name,
Key=s3_key_prefix + str(uuid4()),
)
[docs]class DynamoDBToS3Operator(BaseOperator):
"""
Replicates records from a DynamoDB table to S3.
It scans a DynamoDB table and write the received records to a file
on the local filesystem. It flushes the file to S3 once the file size
exceeds the file size limit specified by the user.
Users can also specify a filtering criteria using dynamodb_scan_kwargs
to only replicate records that satisfy the criteria.
To parallelize the replication, users can create multiple tasks of DynamoDBToS3Operator.
For instance to replicate with parallelism of 2, create two tasks like:
.. code-block:: python
op1 = DynamoDBToS3Operator(
task_id="replicator-1",
dynamodb_table_name="hello",
dynamodb_scan_kwargs={
"TotalSegments": 2,
"Segment": 0,
},
...,
)
op2 = DynamoDBToS3Operator(
task_id="replicator-2",
dynamodb_table_name="hello",
dynamodb_scan_kwargs={
"TotalSegments": 2,
"Segment": 1,
},
...,
)
:param dynamodb_table_name: Dynamodb table to replicate data from
:type dynamodb_table_name: str
:param s3_bucket_name: S3 bucket to replicate data to
:type s3_bucket_name: str
:param file_size: Flush file to s3 if file size >= file_size
:type file_size: int
:param dynamodb_scan_kwargs: kwargs pass to <https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/reference/services/dynamodb.html#DynamoDB.Table.scan> # noqa: E501
:type dynamodb_scan_kwargs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]]
:param s3_key_prefix: Prefix of s3 object key
:type s3_key_prefix: Optional[str]
:param process_func: How we transforms a dynamodb item to bytes. By default we dump the json
:type process_func: Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], bytes]
"""
def __init__(
self,
*,
dynamodb_table_name: str,
s3_bucket_name: str,
file_size: int,
dynamodb_scan_kwargs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
s3_key_prefix: str = '',
process_func: Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], bytes] = _convert_item_to_json_bytes,
**kwargs,
) -> None:
super().__init__(**kwargs)
self.file_size = file_size
self.process_func = process_func
self.dynamodb_table_name = dynamodb_table_name
self.dynamodb_scan_kwargs = dynamodb_scan_kwargs
self.s3_bucket_name = s3_bucket_name
self.s3_key_prefix = s3_key_prefix
[docs] def execute(self, context) -> None:
table = AwsDynamoDBHook().get_conn().Table(self.dynamodb_table_name)
scan_kwargs = copy(self.dynamodb_scan_kwargs) if self.dynamodb_scan_kwargs else {}
err = None
with NamedTemporaryFile() as f:
try:
f = self._scan_dynamodb_and_upload_to_s3(f, scan_kwargs, table)
except Exception as e:
err = e
raise e
finally:
if err is None:
_upload_file_to_s3(f, self.s3_bucket_name, self.s3_key_prefix)
def _scan_dynamodb_and_upload_to_s3(self, temp_file: IO, scan_kwargs: dict, table: Any) -> IO:
while True:
response = table.scan(**scan_kwargs)
items = response['Items']
for item in items:
temp_file.write(self.process_func(item))
if 'LastEvaluatedKey' not in response:
# no more items to scan
break
last_evaluated_key = response['LastEvaluatedKey']
scan_kwargs['ExclusiveStartKey'] = last_evaluated_key
# Upload the file to S3 if reach file size limit
if getsize(temp_file.name) >= self.file_size:
_upload_file_to_s3(temp_file, self.s3_bucket_name, self.s3_key_prefix)
temp_file.close()
temp_file = NamedTemporaryFile()
return temp_file